Agriculture, bearing significant losses worth PHP 244.6 billion from 2010-2019 due to adverse weather and climate impacts, accounts for 60% of the Philippines' total disaster-related property damages [Source: PSA]. Despite the Philippines contributing only 0.49% to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the agriculture sector’s 23% share of the country’s emissions highlights its dual role as both victim and contributor to climate change. This is in the context where energy and transport sectors contribute 30% and 13%, respectively, to the national GHG emissions (Crippa et al 2023). Even as agriculture seeks exemption from cost-inducing limits to GHG emissions, it is difficult to see how the country’s Nationally Determined Commitments (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement can be achieved without bringing agriculture into the equation.
The Philippine Development Plan (PDP) Chapter 15 proposes a transition to a green economy, emphasizing innovative low-carbon technologies in agriculture and integrated climate risk planning for agriculture, fisheries, and forestry sectors.
Despite the critical role of these sectors, they are often overlooked in climate change research. The PIDS Research Agenda 2020-2025 underscores the need for policies to protect farms and fishing grounds from climate change and to promote sustainable practices. Addressing this research gap is essential for informing policy, supporting affected populations, and enhancing the resilience and sustainability of the Philippine agriculture sector.