When the GATT and the WTO effectively managed to bring down world tariffs on goods, free trade could have ideally been close at hand. However, in place of tariffs, nontariff measures (NTMs) began to sprout, resulting in the same outcomes of higher prices and lower trade volumes. How these NTMs affect the performance and prospects of Philippine agriculture exports is the subject of this Notes by Pasadilla.
Nontariff Measures Faced by Philippine Agriculture Exporters
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