Continuing from the Institute’s 2018 study on the SHS and the labor market which interviewed graduating SHS students and HR managers of firms about their perspectives on the prospects for employment, this study intends to gauge the actual performance of the SHS graduates in the labor market. Entry into the labor market is considered as one of the possible exits of SHS graduates. Given the first batch of SHS graduates in April 2018, this study utilizes eight rounds of Labor Force Survey (LFS) from July 2018 to April 2020. Labor market outcomes of SHS graduates (G12) are compared to their peers - G10 and second-year college completers. To improve comparability, the paper uses a multi-valued treatment effect estimation (i.e., Inverse Probability Weighting with Regression Adjustment (IPWRA)) with each of the education outcome as treatment and utilizing individual and household characteristics. The results confirm the results in the earlier study that only a small proportion (a little over 20%) enter the labor force and most of them (more than 70 percent) continue with their education. The estimations also find a mixed result with SHS graduates sometimes performing better and sometimes poorer relative to their peers in terms of labor market outcomes. These suggest that there is a need to re-examine employment and entrepreneurial objective SHS given the expressed and realized propensity of SHS graduates to continue with their education rather than entering the labor market. There is also a need to continue to examine and validate the effectiveness the work preparation component of the SHS curriculum. Furthermore, there is a need to continue working with employers informing and demonstrating to them what SHS graduates can do and eventually clearly defining the right niche for them in the labor market. Finally, this calls for continued close monitoring and generating empirical evidence to help understand the role of SHS graduates in the labor market.
Comments to this paper are welcome within 60 days from date of posting.
Email publications@mail.pids.gov.ph.
Citations
This publication has been cited 65 times
- Inquirer. 2022. Delivering on K-to-12 promises. Inquirer.
- Abasola, Leonel. 2022. Programs needed to boost SHS graduates’ jobseeking skills. Philippine News Agency.
- Africa, Raymond. 2022. 44% of Pinoys ‘dissatisfied’ with K to 12. Malaya Business Insight.
- Aquino, Vick. 2023. 42% ng mga Pinoy ayaw sa senior high school. Abante.
- Billy Begas . 2023. House panels to discuss GMA’s proposed ‘K+10+2’ education system. Politiko .
- Burapha. 2022. Schools call for K-12 review intensify 10 years since implementation. The Asian Affairs.
- Business World . 2021. Senior HS grads get help from DepEd, ECOP, Microsoft to attract employers. Business World.
- BusinessMirror News. 2023. Bill filed replacing K to 12; low hiring, burdens cited. RPN News.
- Casayuran, Mario. 2023. Gatchalian: Whole-of-gov't approach needed in fixing education sector woes. Manila Bulletin.
- Cayabyab, Marc Jayson and Elizabeth Marcelo. 2023. Only 4 in 10 happy with senior high school program. One News.
- Cervantes, Filane Mikee. 2023. Congress urged to act on reforms to make PH graduates job ready. Philippine News Agency.
- Corrales, Nestor. 2022. Concepcion: Gov’t can’t force companies to hire K-12 grads. Inquirer.
- Diyaryo Pinoy. 2023. Gatchalian: 4 sa 10 pinoy ang kuntento sa senior high school ayon sa survey. Diyaryo Pinoy.
- Felipe, Cecille Suerte. 2022. Senator sees growing dissatisfaction with K-12. Philippine Star.
- Fernandez, Butch. 2022. Solon gripes over lamentable K-to-12 educational system. BusinessMirror.
- Gascon, Melvin. 2023. Dissatisfaction with senior high program shows DepEd’s failure – Gatchalian. Inquirer.
- Gatchalian, Win. 2022. ‘Di bilib sa K-12 ang mga Pinoy, dagdag-pasanin lang sa mga magulang. Bulgar.
- Gatchalian, Win. 2022. Growing dissatisfaction with K to 12 system; review needed. Win Gatchalian.
- GMA Integrated News. 2023. Commissioned survey: 4 out of 10 Filipinos unsatisfied with senior high school. GMA News.
- GMA News . 2022. Gatchalian vows review of K-12 Law due to ‘congested curriculum, inadequate training’. GMA News .
- Gonzales, Cathrine. 2022. Gatchalian vows to push for oversight review of K-12 law. Inquirer.
- Hernando-Malipot, Merlina. 2023. DepEd creates a national task force to review SHS Program; find out why. Manila Bulletin.
- Jaymalin, Mayen, Pia Lee-Brago, Neil Jayson Servallos . 2024. UN Issues Global Alert Over Teacher Shortage. One News.
- Jaymalin, Mayen, Pia Lee-Brago, Neil Jayson Servallos. 2024. United Nations issues global alert over teacher shortage. Philippine Star.
- Jobstreet . 2022. Do employers prefer graduates from top schools? Plus, 10 things employers look for in jobseekers!. Jobstreet.
- Lacsamana, Brontë. 2022. Fix for education setbacks during pandemic expected to cost P25B each year. BusinessWorld.
- Llanesca T. Panti . 2024. Manuel: Integrating tech-voc into SHS just a short-term solution to jobs problem. GMA News.
- Louis Neal . 2021. Microsoft PH Says 260,000 Join Online Training To Increase Recruitment Rates.
- Macasero, J Rosh. 2022. 44% ng mga Pinoy, ‘dismayado’ sa K-12 — survey. Explained PH.
- Magsambol, Bonz. 2023. Sara Duterte: Important lessons missing in K to 12 curriculum. Rappler.
- Magsambol, Bonz. 2022. ‘Nagsayang lang’: Calls for K-12 review intensify 10 years since implementation. Rappler.
- Manila Times. 2023. Unhappy with senior high school program. Manila Times.
- Manila Times. 2023. Revisiting K to 12 program anew. Manila Times.
- Matining, Dindo. 2022. Pramis ng Senado! Trabaho sa mga K to 12 grad abot-kamay na. Abante.
- Mercado, Neil Arwin. 2022. 44% of Filipinos not satisfied with K-12 basic education program, survey says. Inquirer.
- Merlina Hernando-Malipot . 2024. Why the Philippines’ education system needs an ‘overhaul’. Manila Bulletin.
- Microsoft Philippines Communications Team . 2021. Department of Education and Employers Confederation of the Philippines Launch Nationwide Program to Enhance Employability for Filipino High School Graduates.
- Miguel R. Camus . 2021. Microsoft PH says 260,000 join online training to raise hiring rates. Inquirer.net.
- MJ Salcedo. 2023. 4 sa 10 Pinoy, ‘satisfied’ sa senior high school – survey. Balita.
- Monzon, Alden. 2022. Hire more K-12 grads, DTI chief urges companies. Inquirer.
- Mylene Mendoza . 2021. Microsoft's New Training Program Teaches SHS Grads Resume Building and LinkedIn Hacks.
- Panti, Llanesca. 2023. Arroyo wants K-to-12 replaced with post-secondary studies. GMA News.
- Paunan, Jerome Carlo. 2022. Mga Pinoy hindi kuntento sa K to 12. Philippine Information Agency.
- Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2023. From K-12 to K-10+2?. Inquirer.
- Puente, Beatrice. 2023. EDUCATION SYSTEM | K-12 program must reflect needs of industries to equip graduates, says group. News5.
- Punongbayan, JC. 2023. [ANALYSIS] How can we fix K to 12? (Piece by JC Punongbayan). Rappler.
- Purification, Marlon. 2022. Sen. Win vows to review K to 12 program . Journal News Online.
- Quismorio, Ellson. 2023. Arroyo wants to replace K to 12 with 'K + 10 + 2'; find out more. Manila Bulletin.
- RadyoMaN Manila. 2023. Sen. Gatchalian: Dagdag na taon para sa senior high school, bigong matupad ang layunin. RadyoMaN Manila.
- Ramos-Araneta, Macon. 2022. More dissatisfied with K-to-12. Manila Standard.
- Reyes, Ernie. 2022. Kahandaan ng K-12 graduates, susuriin ng Senado. Remate On-line.
- Salazar, Marlet. 2021. Microsoft PH, DepEd, employers group hold skilling program for high school graduates. Back End News.
- Sarmiento, PS Jun. 2022. Gatchalian: Kahandaan ng K to 12 graduates sa trabaho susuriin. Journal Online.
- Saron, Rhoda Grace. 2023. Rep. Duterte sees need to make graduates job-ready. Mindanao Times.
- Senate of the Philippines. 2023. Poll says only 4 in 10 Filipinos satisfied with senior high school – Gatchalian. Senate of the Philippines.
- Senate of the Philippines . 2022. Bicam panel approves creation of EDCOM II; Gatchalian assures education reforms. Senate of the Philippines .
- Sevillano, Stephanie. 2024. DepEd backs review of gov’t eligibility standards for hiring SHS grads. Philippine News Agency.
- Sipelimo, Yna. 2022. K-12 law needs oversight review — Gatchalian. Philippine Star.
- Sunstar. 2021. DepEd, Ecop, Microsoft launch skilling program . Sun Star Manila.
- Tamayo, Bernadette. 2022. 'Dissatisfaction with K to 12 system growing'. Manila Times.
- Tan, Alyssa Nicole. 2022. Survey indicates growing dissatisfaction with K-12 education program. BusinessWorld.
- Tan, Alyssa Nicole. 2022. Scrap K-12 in next decade, senator urges government. BusinessWorld.
- The Manila Times . 2021. DepEd partners with ECOP, Microsoft for reskilling SHS graduates . Manila Times.
- Tiquia, Ma. Lourdes. 2023. Revisiting education: Integrating learning (Opinion piece by Ma. Lourdes Tiquia). Manila Times.
- Torregoza, Hannah. 2022. Gatchalian: Senate’s K to 12 review aims to address senior HS graduates’ employability. Manila Bulletin.
