Costs and Spillovers of the AFP vs. NPA Armed Conflicts: Metro Manila - Rizal Case Study

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This article discusses the costs and spillovers of the armed conflict on Metro Manila and Rizal province. Documents recovered by AFP operatives indicated that Rizal municipalities could be the next target of intensified rebel activities along Metro Manila and its surroundings. In this case study, the author surmised that while Metro Manila and Rizal are considered to be urban-industrial areas in the Philippines and far from areas experiencing extensive arm struggle, they are not spared from the economic, social, and political costs of the various military confrontations between the AFP and the NPA.